M.K. Ghandi The story of my experiment with truth Essay - 1

M.K. Ghandi The story of my experiment with truth - Essay Example As a consequence, ever person is liable for the truth and has a responsibility that it be recognized and valued by others. The first twenty seven chapters of the book see how Gandhi’s life is molded by his circumstance and then in turn sought to mold his own destiny. From his childhood, his being part of the Banya caste, growing up in Porbandar and Rajkot and being in general under the absolute duress of his parents social and political roles (4-7). He has a great respect for elders and people in authority, considers them beyond reproach or doubt. His experience as student, particularly the incident where he said that his teacher prompted him to cheat to impress a school inspector, reading Harishchandra and watching the play Harishchandra are key points in his childhood. These laid the foundations for his future treatise on truth and society which will led him to question what in his childhood he accepted so easily including his formative schooling experience and Hindu social customs (4). Gandhi considers his life experience as a process of contemplation, self-realization and application. In conjunction with his personal and professional development within and outside his primary context, he considers these as experiments that have allowed him to define his values and prerogatives. Such as in his early experience with eating meat, his commitment to avowing this food develops from compliance by rote and enforcement, defiance by subversion, rationalization through knowledge and finally true acknowledgment and acquiescence of the practice. This will set a pattern it seems for Gandhi: evident in the succeeding chapters of the book detailing his high school, college and early professional experiences in Africa and home. His life is highlighted by time of great self-doubt, conflicting familial and social aspirations as well as

MiniBusiness Plan Parameters( Food truck and we sell mainly smoothies Essay

MiniBusiness Plan Parameters( Food truck and we sell mainly smoothies king) - Essay Example The idea of a food truck will ensure we serve our clients at their convenience by making trips to their premises based on the truck schedule. Our staff are committed to ensure our clients’ interests are accorded first priority. Amazing smoothies is a limited liability company with all the members having an equal share capital in the business. The initial capital will be 100,000 dollars with the contribution of each member at 20,000 dollars with the possibility of further investment in future as agreed upon by the members. The investment will attract an interest of not more than 10% per annum. The monthly variable costs are estimated at 5,500 dollars and fixed cost at 3,000 dollars. The business partners will receive an equal salary at 500 dollars per month but may be subject to adjustment depending on the work rate assigned to each individual. Our sales revenues for the First year is projected at 12,000 dollars per month and to rise to 15,000 dollars within one year of operation. This represents an increase in sales at 12.5% annually. We are targeting expansion to buy more food trucks after the first year so as to be able to cover more market

Conclusion and Decisions Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Conclusion and Decisions - Term Paper Example The earnings per share of the company were $1.99 and it had a declared dividend of $0.99. The return on capital of the firm was 19%. Based on the basic financial analysis performed it seems as if Sysco is a sound financial investment. I would invest $1 million in SYY common stocks. The two other decisions regarding Sysco is whether or not invest in Sysco corporate bonds and to decide if Sysco is worthy of a bank credit line for its short term needs. The best way to determine how good the corporate bonds of the company are is by testing if the firm has the ability to pay off its long term debt. A ratio that can help determine if the firm can pay its long term debt is the debt ratio. The debt ratio is calculated dividing assets by liabilities. The debt ratio of Sysco is 1.59. A good debt ratio is one above 1.0. Based on these results I would recommend a $500,000 investment in Sysco bonds. The final decision is regarding whether the company deserves a line of credit for its short term n eeds. A liquidity ratio that helps determine the ability of the company to pay off its short term debts is the current ratio. The current ratio is calculated dividing current assets by current liability. A current ratio is good is it is above 1.0. The current ratio of Sysco is 1.69. Based on the ratio analysis result I would recommend the bank approve a $1 million credit line. Work Cited Page Sysco.com. 2011.

Green materials Essay Example for Free

Green materials Essay Green materials are the preferred construction materials by environmentalists today. This is because they do not harm the environment in any way. They are materials that do not destroy the environment when used for construction (Dean 33-34). Some of them actually benefit the environment when used in construction, for example, green roofs can cool the places around them and also help conserve water. The main advantage of using green materials is that available resources are used efficiently and thus prevent any damage either to the environment or to the health of the people. The green materials are at first expensive to purchase, however, when viewed in the long run they become cheap because they require very little amount of money to maintain unlike the other materials. They also have other benefits to the people who use them to construct the structures as well as the people who live in them. Some of the advantages are that the materials are safe to use and are not at risk of harming people for example triggering attacks for people with respiratory problems like bronchitis. Another advantage of green materials is that they do away with stale air in our homes and let fresh air circulate. There are several qualities that materials should possess in order for them to qualify as green materials. The first quality is that the material should be able to be recycled (Salacuse 14-18). This ensures that the material is used efficiently over and over again. It also reduces wastage due to the same reason. Materials produced by factories that use resources efficiently can be termed as green materials. These industries conserve energy and do not pollute the rivers through dumping harmful waste in it or pollute the air through harmful fumes released in it. Materials used for construction should be easily available since this saves the cost of ferrying them to the construction site. They should also be long lasting since this will save construction costs in the long run. Green buildings are structures built in such a manner that they use energy very efficiently. They are usually built using green materials. Green buildings should use materials that are not harmful or capable of irritating people who use the building. Such materials can affect people with respiratory illnesses or those who are allergic to them. Other materials used for construction may emit smells that make the air inside the building be of poor quality. The materials used should also be resistant to rotting. Green buildings are very good modes of conserving energy. There are several ways in which they can do so. Energy can be conserved by positioning a structure,when constructing, in such an angle that it makes the maximum use of the available natural light. This is very essential during seasons like winter where any heat conserved can save costs. One can also decide to use lighting appliances that consume low energy, for example energy saving bulbs,to conserve energy. Green buildings are also good modes of conserving water. This is done by harnessing the available water and preventing waste. Green buildings should have gutters that harness rainwater which can be used for other functions like irrigation. The plumbing in the house or structure should be built in such a way that it facilitates recycling of water. This water can be used for irrigation instead of it going to waste. Toilets should be constructed in such a way that they use as little water as possible in order to conserve it. Showers should also be constructed in a similar way. Floors can be made of locally available materials ensuring low costs are incurred in construction. To ensure success in construction of green buildings, one should do thorough research on the design of the structure and materials that will be used to construct the building. One should have enough funds for the construction process to prevent the construction work stalling mid way. The research for materials should contain information about the nature of materials to be used, how long they are expected to last and how much they will cost (Smith 18-19). The next step involves confirming whether the information provided about the nature of materials is accurate. It should also contain information about whether the material can be recycled. This can be confirmed from the manufacturers of the products. Any additional information about the nature of the materials can also be useful. One should employ professionals to do the construction work in order to ensure the work done meets the set standards. A green roof is the roof of a structure that is covered with plants. Plants are planted on top of the roof of the structure, on a layer of soil, but there is an insulation between the layer of the soil and the roof to ensure that moisture from the roots of the plant does not penetrate and damage the roof. One advantage of a green roof is that it helps in the management of rain water since the plants use it instead of it going to waste (McClure 77-79). The green roof also helps reduce heat in places where it is constructed, by providing shade. The third advantage of the plants is that they prolong the life of a roof. The green roof also helps filter sound thus minimizing sound pollution. Green homes have higher value in terms of money than other homes since demand for green homes is rising. They are cheaper to construct as they cut the costs for insulation and the gutter. One challenge of the use of green materials is that the purchasing costs are high, though it is only high in the short run. Another challenge is that many people who do not like embracing change do not want to experiment with new products (Wells 55-57). For green roofs, the challenge is that the roofs are likely to be heavy especially when it rains and will thus require strong support to hold it up which may be expensive. Green roofs are also more likely to suffer damage than ordinary roofs since things like diseases can wipe out the entire plants. Below are some illustrations showing different types of roof houses. In conclusion, any person who is constructing a building should use green materials as these are environmentally friendly and cannot harm people. Conservation of the environment ensures better health to both the owners of the home as well as all humanity in general. This will benefit not only the current race but the future race. Source: http/www. lid-stormwater. net/images/greenroof1. jpg Source: http/www. asla. org/roofgreening/images

How Firewalls Mitigate Attacks

How Firewalls Mitigate Attacks Network Security is the process by which digital information assets are protected. If the network security is compromise, severe consequences could occur such as loss of confidential information [6]. To protect the networks the goal of security should be maintain integrity, protect confidentiality and ensure availability [5]. To begin the network security process, you have to first develop security policy and access rules. This policy must identify clearly the network security objectives of the organization. Network Security includes security management, computer system security, data security, and network devices security [1]. Due to the tremendous growth of E-business and the internet all small or large organizations finding it very important to have web presence to compete in todays market. But connecting to the internet means that companys private network will be connected to the outside world [8]. This makes the private network vulnerable to attacks from the internet. As in the case of E-business Companys web server must connect to the internet to provide WebPages to customers. This makes the web or file server susceptible to attacks. The network engineering must defend the network against threats such as viruses, worm, Trojan horse, theft of information, misuse of resources, access control. Now a days access to the Internet without the firewall is same as leaving your house door open to let anyone come inside. As the information theft or identify theft is all time high, computers networks need protection. To provide defence from the intruders or hackers a special device was needed. That is why the device called Firewall was introduced in back in 1988 [17]. Currently there are many different kinds of firewalls in the market. These firewalls not only different in cost but their functionalities are different as well. For an organization it is hard to pick up one firewall and considered protected against attacks. This report explain you different types of firewalls and their functionality. The following figure displays the firewall is placed between the Internet and the private network to provide network security and protecting from attacks. Network Security Policy: As everyone want to protect their network and the information in the network so we should have some kind of rules to define that what is acceptable or what is not acceptable on the network [1]. To apply these rules or procedures we first need to have a security policy. Having a good and detailed security is the excellent start of network security. After the creation of policy we need implement this security policy to provide the technical control. Because if this hardware or software devices is needed to provide the protection. A firewall is used to apply this security policy on the network Securing Network with Firewall: Technical controls are the most important part of the network security program because it provides a protection against the attacks and keeps network safe. Firewall is one of the main types of device to provide technically or physically control the network traffic. What is a firewall: The term firewall originally comes from firewalls which protect the fire from spreading to the other part of the building[4]. A firewall is a device in the network which divide or separate the trusted network (Private network) form the untrusted network (outside network). The firewall can be special devices such as hardware firewall or may be computer runing firewall software. The main aim of the firewall implementation is to protect the network from countless threats and only allow authoried traffic going in or out of the networks. Firewall can be used as standalone devices or can be configure on gateway router on the network such as Cisco PIX firewall [5]. The following figure display the firewall filter traffic by letting only authorized traffic in the network and rejecting unauthorized traffic at the network boundary. How Firewalls mitigate attacks? The main aim of the firewall technology is to protect the sensitive information moving between the two networks [4]. In a real world scenario firewall is placed between a private network and internet to prevent attacks. Firewall is one of the most essential barriers that can defend computer networks from many threats. The firewall at the perimeter of the network is the first line of defence against external attacks. To mitigate the attacks the firewall divides the network into two zones: Trusted Zone: authorized users in the private network or a private network. Least trusted Zone: users from the Internet trying to access the private network. The simple firewall job is to either permit or deny the traffic based on the access rules [4]. Permit: the authorized traffic is allowed in the network according to the predefined access rules. Deny: the unauthorized traffic stop at the firewall and information is sent to network administrator or discarded. The above figure displays that hoe firewall filter the traffic according to the specified criteria. Protecting network with Firewall: Firewalls filter the traffic transfers between two or more than two networks. It can divide the network into protected or unprotected areas. The firewall consider as good firewall if it can protect network from following vulnerabilities: Firewall should provide protection against attacks from outside the network. E.g. internet. Firewall should protect the network from any type of internal attacks. Firewall should grant access to the users according to the access privilege level users posses [4]. Firewall should stop unauthorised users to access the resources. Hardware and Software Firewalls: There are two main categories of firewalls: Hardware firewall and Software firewall [5]. Depending on the network requirements different firewall is used. Each of these firewalls has its own benefits. Both of these firewalls have the same aim of providing the secure communication. In the organization you can you either hardware or software or for better results combination of hardware and software firewall can be used. Hardware Firewalls: As the name hardware explain itself that it is a hardware firewall device. The hardware firewall is a special device which is normally placed near the gateway router of the network or between two networks to control the traffic flow. Before placing it on the network it is configure with the access policy or security rules on the firewall. When it activated on the network it controls of the network traffic going in or out of the network. The hardware firewall examine the incoming packet and compare with the access rules to decide either allow or discard the packet [11]. It is mostly used in large businesses and best suit for multinational companies. The following figure displays the hardware firewall providing network security form the Internet. Advantages: Hardware firewall has different operating system which is the independent of normal system such as Microsoft OS. Microsoft windows operating systems and other common OS have much vulnerability [11]. But hardware firewalls dont use common OS so it is hard for attacker to have successful attack. The other benefit of this is it faster than the other types of firewalls and easy to implement on the network [11]. Disadvantages: The main disadvantage of the hardware firewall is that it is one point of failure. If the hardware firewalls fail than all the traffic on the network will stop. No traffic can go in or out of the network. The other disadvantage is that if attacker hack the firewall he can control the traffic going in or out of the network. The most hardware firewalls cost more than the software firewall and specially trained staff is required to manage the device make the overall cost higher. Also most of these hardware firewalls are designed by different companies so that each of these needs different configuration and maintenance. The network administrative needs to learn about that specific firewall before placing it into the network and must have knowledge of how to administer the firewall deceive [11]. Software Firewalls: Software firewall is a special software firewall program that can be install on the devices such as router, server or PC. Once it is installed and configure properly it works that same way as hardware firewall. It examines the traffic and allows or denies access according to the predefined access rules to determine whether the packet has permission to access the network or not. The consideration must be taken when installing the software firewall on the existing devices because software firewall going to use the CPU and other resources on the devices [11]. Make sure the device have sufficient hardware resources to provide excellent performance in this environment. If there are not enough resources available for software firewall to operate, this can impact the network performance. Also as the attacks and vulnerabilities changes because attacks try different or new methods to attacks on the network so that the software firewall need to upgraded to provide the complete protection against new threats on the networks. It is best suitable for small businesses and home networks. Because it is easy to implement and no special hardware is required. The following figure displays the computer or router running the software firewall providing network security. Advantages: As the software firewall can be installed on the existing network devices so it normally cost less than the hardware firewall. There are many free software firewall programs on the internet which can be downloaded on the PC for free. Disadvantages: Software firewalls share the system resources with other applications running on the computer. It can impact the performance of the computer if there are no enough resources. Most of the times software firewall companies give free firewall application provide basic network protection only. To get the full protection against all attacks you have to pay for the advance services. The other disadvantage of the software firewall is run on existing operation system, so it can be very vulnerable to have same king of attacks as on operating systems [11]. Different Types of Firewalls: After defining the two major categories of firewall, now the next part of the report explain the types of firewall based upon how firewall filter packets and its behaviour in the network security. In this report TCP/IP model is used to define the process of how packets are treated and filter by different types of firewalls. Packet-filtering Firewall: This was the first type of firewall to protect the networks. Packet filtering firewall check the source and destination IP address of the packet and let the packets in or out according to the security policy of the organization [8]. Normally gateway router on the network edge is used to filter these packets. Access control list (ACL) can be configured on the router to act like packet filtering firewall. Based on the access rules router can allow or deny access into the network. The following figure displays the incoming coming packet can be filter based on the specified rules such as IP address, packet types and port number. Advantages: It the simplest form of the firewall and easy to implement on the network. When Packet filtering firewall is placed in the network it will not slow the network down and users of the network will not feel the difference in network performance. Disadvantages: This was the first type of firewall introduced for the networks. As it check the layer 3 address in the packet and let the packet in or denied access according to the security policy. IP spoofing is technique to spoof the IP address to any IP address you like to change. Hackers can use IP spoofing software to get the access through the packet filtering firewall. The other problem with packet filtering firewall is that it does not know who is using the service. Recommended Usage: Packet filtering firewall is used in low security environment or when the cost is an issue. It can be implemented on the router to save money but this kind of firewall should not be used in high security environment. Good for small businesses or filter traffic within the organization. Stateful Inspection Firewall The stateful firewall checks and monitors the state of the connections between source and destination [4]. It is the most complex type of firewall. This type of firewall can monitor all kinds of connections e.g. connection initiation, connection termination and information transfer [4]. It can perform the multilayer inspection. In multilayer inspection the packets first checked at the Internet Protocol layer (Layer 3 of the TCP/IP model) if the packet is granted access than it can also perform the second check at the application layer (Layer 5 of the TCP/IP model). It can inspect the TCP or UDP sessions and keep monitor these session between the source and destination. When the packet first arrived at the firewall it inspects the protocols in the packet and authorized or denied the packet according to the network security policy. If the packet is authorized than it keeps the information about the sources, destination, port number and TCP sequence number in the record table. E.g. Cisco Pix firewall The following figure displays the incoming coming packet can be filter based on the specified application rules. Advantages: It is more secure than the packet filtering because it can not only do the deep inspection of the packets but also keeps records of each session. Disadvantages: It can slow the network down because all traffic goes through firewall and this kind of firewall is expensive. The other disadvantage is the when packet inside the network go outside the hackers can capture the packet and examines the internal IP address in the packet header. This can give hacker some information about the IP address scheme used in the network. This information leads towards the some sort of attack on the network. But NAT can be used to resolve this problem with stateful firewall. Recommended Usage: This kind of firewall is good for networks that required high level of security. Mostly used by the medium and large size organization where audit of each session is required. Application-level Gateway Application level firewall was design to provide more security to the network by checking all layers of the TCP/IP model. As the packet switching firewall only examine the incoming packet up to Internet protocol layer of but application layer firewall provide security checking up to application layer. The application firewall is a dedicated computer also known as proxy server. Proxy server proxy for external services request for internal services and proxy exchange information with internal network [1]. The main advantage is that it hides the internal network from the outsiders. A proxy service has two important components: proxy server and proxy client [3] The job of the proxy server is to accept connection from one side of the network and connect to the other side of the network. Proxy Server first checks if the connection or host is allowed or not, if host is allowed than the proxy server makes the second connection to the destination host on the other side of the network. In this way the source host is connected indirectly to destination host via proxy server. This indirect connection between source and destination hide the valuable information about the internal network to pass on to external network. Advantage: As Application layer firewall filter up to application later, it can understand variety of different application so that checks can be perform on the content of the different application traffic for effect results. Disadvantages: If there are too many users in the network proxy services may slow the network down. The following figure displays the incoming coming packet can be filter based on the specified application rules. For example you can stop the HTTP traffic and allow all other protocol. With the application firewall you have more control to filter traffic based on the protocols. Recommended Usage: This kind of firewall is good for networks that required high level of security such as Banking. Mostly used by the medium and large size organization. It cost more than the packet filtering firewall. Circuit-Level Gateway Circuit level firewall is more advance form of packet filtering firewall because it can examine the incoming packet in more detail. It also provides more protection against attacks as compare with packet filtering firewall. Circuit level firewall not only checks the IP address, port number but it also checks the TCP handshake status between source and destination hosts and keep record of the TCP handshake [12]. This type of firewall checks TCP handshake connection status before authorizing the access. The circuit level firewall works at the TCP layer (Layer 4 of TCP/IP model). Because it need to examines the TCP handshake between hosts and open the session between hosts. The source host start the connection, when the packet arrived at the gateway; the gateway examines the connection information in the IP packet. The gateway find the match of the packet with the in security policy predefined on the gateway. If the packet gets permission to enter in the network the gateway makes the 2nd connection to the destination host. When the IP packet arrives at the destination it has the source address as the address of the gateway [12]. The following figure displays the traffic is only allowed if the session is initiated by the authorized host on the network otherwise all other traffic will be denied. Advantages: The circuit level gateway provides better protection against some attacks such as IP spoofing which packet filtering firewall cannot detect. It checks each TCP session and open the port manage all the incoming and outgoing connection. Because of that no unauthorized traffic allowed in the network it is considers protected network. The other main circuit level gateway benefit is that it hides the IP address of the trusted network from the un-trusted networks because outside host only get the source IP as the gateway address. E.g. Network Address Translation (NAT) Disadvantages: The main problem with this kind of firewall is that it does not check the content of the packet. This means that the in the packet the content may be some kind of virus or worm. Because of this reason authorized host mistake can bring virus in the network. Recommended Usage: This kind of firewall is good for networks that required high level of security. Mostly used by the medium and large size organization. Network router can be used to act as a firewall but for large organizations separate firewall devices is recommended. Comparison between different firewalls: Firewall type or cost vary depends on the size of the organization and type or access required. My investigation is based upon for medium size company. Now a day firewalls are very advance piece of equipment that has most the function in one device. E.g. IDS, IPS Hardware firewall So many different types are available in market, depend on the type can filter based upon IP address Yes it can Depends upon the security policy the firewall can filter incoming or outgoing traffic. These are mostly proprietor devices so the network administrator must learn to manage. Cisco ACE 4710 HARDWARE-0.5GBPS-100  £1083 Expensive because it comes with the special hardware device. Software firewall YES Yes it can filter Yes it is easy to operate. Cisco PIX Firewall Software  £248 Relatively cheaper that hardware firewall Packet filtering firewall YES NO Basic firewall cannot filter ports. If configure to filter it can check either incoming or outgoing or both traffic. Yes it is easy to operate. Netgear SRX5308-100EUS ProSafe Quad WAN Gigabit SSL VPN Firewall  £347 One of the basic type, you can find this firewall cheaper. Stateful firewall YES YES YES YES Cisco ASA 5505 Security appliance Unlimited Firewall Edition Bundle  £441.36 Expensive but provide good level of protection Application level firewall YES YES Easy to manage GUI based interface which makes it to configure SonicWALL NSA 220  £644.00 Expensive but provide good level of protection Circuit level firewall YES YES YES Easy to manage GUI based interface which makes it to configure Cisco ASA 5505 Firewall Edition Bundle security appliance  £566.15 Expensive but provide good level of protection Recommendation and Implementation: Firewall design principles: The first thing to remember that firewall is good only if it is configured properly but before buying and placing the firewall in the network you should know the answer of the following questions. What type of network it is and what are the network requirements? What is kind of information you have in the network? What level of protection is required? Where to place the firewall in the network? Firewall Basing: There are many choices to place the firewall in the network. The following part of the report explains the best placement of the firewall. Bastion Host The bastion host is a computer system that is used on the network especially on the local area network. It is normally installed after the first firewall. This system is designed in such a way that all the traffic has to go through it. As all communication of the private LAN go through it is designed to harden against attacks from outside. It runs the secure version of operating system and record of the audit information [18]. The following figure displays the bastion host in the network. All traffic in or out of the private LAN is going through the bastion host. Figure 11 Bastion host example [Ref: 13] Host-Based Firewalls The host based firewall is designed to protect the individual host in the network [4]. This kind of firewall mostly used for the servers [18] or other important host in the network to provide another layer to defense against the attacks. Host based firewall normally comes with the operating system or because it is software based so you can also buy and install on the host. This is the most effect solution to prevent the individual host in the network. Because most of the attacks now a days comes from the inside of the organization network. So the firewall at the boundary cannot protect from these internal attacks. By installing the host based firewall on host can defend host against security violation and control the traffic according to the access rules. As it is on the host itself it can protect host from both inside and external attacks. The other benefit of host based firewall is that it can be designed and configure according to the host requirement. The reason is that as some host on the network has different operating system or different needs e.g. servers. The disadvantage to have host based firewall on host is that host processes each packet which is CPU intensive. This traffic checking process can slow the performance of the individual host. The following figure display each host in the network has host-based firewall to gives extra protection to the individual host according to their needs. Figure 12 Host based Firewall [Ref: 14] Personal Firewall It is application software that can be installed on the computer or host. Once activated on the computer it examines the traffic going in or out of the computer. User control this firewall through GUI based application and configures the required level of security. It can allow or deny the traffic as defined by the user. There are many free personal firewalls available on the internet which can be downloaded from the internet. E.g. AVG antivirus is free and comes with basic personal firewall. The other thing you must remember that it is design to protect one host, this means that personal firewall need to install on every host on the network. This is not very scalable in the large network that is why it is mostly use for personal computers in homes or for small office. The following figure display the example of the Norton personal firewall. Figure 13 Personal Firewall Example [Ref: 15] Firewalls in network design: There are many solutions available here are some of the important ones: Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) design: The Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) is the special area which is designed between two networks. DMZ provides protection against outside and inside attacks. The external firewall is used to protect the network and the internal firewall is used protect the network from inside attacks; the secure area is created between the two firewalls. In the large organizations this area is used to keep the servers such as web server or file servers so that the authorized outside users can access the network. In really you are creating three zones: Outside zone (Internet) Intermediate zone (DMZ) Inside zone (Private network) You can see from the figure below that two firewalls are use to create DMZ. Figure 14 Firewall Implementation in DMZ design [Ref: 17] Fault tolerant firewall design: The following design can be used to provide fault tolerant solution. In the following design two firewalls are used. One of the firewall is in active mode (main firewall) and the other one is passive mode (standby firewall). If the active firewall fails the passive firewall takes control. This is best solution to provide the network security and redundancy. Figure 15 Example of fault tolerant firewall implementation [Ref: 16] Test the firewall: After firewall is installed in the network, you should always test that how effect it is and what are the vulnerabilities of this firewall. Testing the firewall can be done by using the network testing tools such as network penetration tools or Port scanning tools. These tools are available in the BackTrack software version 5 for network testing. If you able to hack you own network and bypass the firewall, its means that firewall is effective. In this way you can able to find the vulnerabilities of the firewall and work on these weaknesses to resolve the network security issue. Overall benefits and limitations of firewalls: Benefits of using firewall in the Network: Prevent unauthorized personals in the network. Prevent sensitive information exposure to unauthorized hosts. The flow of data between two networks or between two hosts can be controlled. By the deep examination of the data packet certain protocols can allowed or deny in the network. Security policy rules can be configuring to provide technical control. As all the network traffic goes through firewall, placing the firewall at the edge of the network gives one point of entry for all data. It makes easy to manage one point control connection to outside world. Limitations of Firewalls: As firewall is the single point of entry for all traffic, failure of firewall can cause the disconnection from the internet or other connected networks. Some of the new attacks may not be detected by the firewalls. Hackers try different ways to bypass the firewalls by checking the weakness or vulnerabilities of the specific firewall and attack according to the type of firewall. By placing the firewall on the network edge can slow down the network performance because firewall has to check each packet going in to out of the network. If the firewall configuration is not right it may not stop the attacks. If the packet is encrypted firewall cannot understand Conclusion There is no one firewall which can be placed on the network and network will be 100% secure. So do not rely on just one firewall to provide all kind of protection. In the network use multiple protection devices such as IPS or IDS with the firewall to defence against other attacks. The most important to have network security policy and all users must agree to follow this policy. The firewall devices must be configured according to the security policy of the organization. The network administer should continually review the firewall as the level of the threats changes frequently. The best firewall should reduce the risk of attacks and easier to manage setting. The cost is another important point when selecting the firewall. Lastly when selecting the firewall network requirements, quality of service and performance should be the main consideration because it is the focal point for the traffic going in or out of the network. Too many users and extra load on the firewall can degrade the p erformance of the whole network. So during selection of the firewall consideration of network requirements is the most important stage.

Leukemia Essay -- Cancer Health Medical Leukemia Essays

Leukemia Leukemia is a cancer that has had a significant effect on our society and with the developments of new drugs it may become treatable. Leukemia originates in the blood-forming organs which may include the lymph tissue and bone cells. In a person with leukemia the rate and the number of cells produced is altered. This altering can become fatal, or with proper treatment it can be subdued. There are two main types of leukemia which include "total" and "differential." These are mainly characterized by the appearance of white blood cells. When leukemia attacks the blood cells, the bone marrow (where blood cells are made), the spleen, and the lymph nodes are extremely weakened (Reagan 90). The classification of leukemia is based on what organ it is attacking. Leukemia can be in acute or chronic form, which means it can happen rapidly, or be prolonged and severe (Bourne 996). To diagnose leukemia doctors have to insert a needle into the bone marrow to extract it and then then view it under a microscope to see if it has any abnormalities that relate to that of leukemia. Some of the symptoms that are involved with leukemia include: lack of energy, fever, susceptibility to infection (because of lack of white blood cells), excessive or repetitive bleeding, easy bruising, and also enlargement of the liver, spleen and lymph nodes (997). This disease has been known to cause about "10% of all cancer deaths, about 50% of all cancer deaths in children and adult...

Hamlet’s First Soliloquy

Hamlet’s soliloquy in Act I Scene 2 is the first time that the reader fully understands Hamlet’s character, his inner thoughts and opinions. The general tone of this soliloquy is very personal and emotional revealing Hamlet’s despair over the current situation and his depressing state of mind. It sets the stage for the rest of the story, being Hamlet’s hatred of Claudius and resentment of his mother. Previous to this soliloquy we learn that King Hamlet’s brother, Claudius, has become the new king of Denmark by entering into an incestuous marriage with Queen Gertrude, the late king’s wife. Claudius has made a grandiose, eloquent speech presenting him and his wife to the court, manipulating and distracting his audience from the abnormality of the situation. Hamlet, naturally still mourning his father’s death, is shocked by how quickly everyone has forgotten and refuses to play along with Claudius’ show. Hamlet interrupts the speech with snide, witty comments like, â€Å"a little more than kin and less than kind,† addressing the unnatural relationship that him and Claudius now have. The King and Queen turn to Hamlet and encourage him to get over father’s death and to stay in Denmark under the pretense of loving him. When Hamlet again interrupts with spiteful words against both his mother and Claudius, Claudius publicly humiliates Hamlet by making a speech, highlighting the reasons why Hamlet cannot be king. Instead of refuting Claudius, Hamlet becomes compliant to his mother’s wishes and agrees to stay in Denmark. Shakespeare utilizes situational irony at this point in the story where once Hamlet is left alone we expect him to explode into anger, but instead he falls into a passive state of self-pitying. â€Å"O, that this too, too sullied flesh would melt, thaw, and resolve itself into a dew. In this line Hamlet expresses his desire to commit suicide which alerts the reader to his depressive state. The way in which he describes the act as â€Å"melting† also alerts us to his sedentary disposition, in that even the taking of one’s own life is inactive. In the next line Hamlet informs us that he cannot commit suicide because of his religious views. â€Å"Or that the Everlas ting had not fixed his canon ’gainst self-slaughter! † Hamlets inability to commit a sin shows us that he has a high moral standing and an air of innocence. In this soliloquy Hamlet is deeply conflicted and unable to resolve to commit himself to a course of action as is seen through his cyclical thought process. Hamlet employs many allusions within this soliloquy to make a comparison between Hamlet Sr. and Claudius. Hamlet uses mythological characters to compare his father to Claudius saying that â€Å"So excellent a king that was to this Hyperion to a satyr; so loving to my mother that he might not beteem the winds of heaven visit her face to roughly. Hamlet believes that comparing his father to Claudius is like comparing Hyperion, the Titan God of Light to a half-man, half goat. Through this analogy we realize that Hamlet has a very idealized view of not only his father but also Hamlet Sr. and Gertrude’s marriage. This builds in him a resentment of Gertrude for so easily moving on and an even greater hatred of Claudius for corrupting his mother. Hamlet then goes on to contrast his father and Claudius by comparing himself to Her cules, unintentionally associating himself with Claudius. My father’s brother, but no more like my father than I to Hercules. † This line further shows the deterioration of Hamlet’s self-image. Hamlet’s first soliloquy helps the reader to understand the source of Hamlet’s action throughout the rest of the play. It introduces his self-destructive ways and tendency to refrain from acting. It also introduces a later recurrence of Hamlet’s deep disturbance of his mother and Claudius’ relationship.